Ameliorated Impact of Fenugreek Seed Extract on Some Blood Cellular and Biochemical Parameters in Female Albino Rats Exposed to Lead Acetate
https://doi.org/10.24017/science.2020.ICHMS2020.12
Abstract views: 1253 / PDF downloads: 702Abstract
Lead acetate (LA) is considered as the common hazardous compund present in our habitat. It has a several diverse-organ toxicant effect in various healthy issues included diseases of the hepatic, renal, and other body systems. Fenugreek seeds (Trigonella foenum graecum L.) were used in curing medicine and as food supplement since ancient times. After that, their antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties have been studied. Therefore the presented was based on their biological properties of this plant and conducted to examine the protective impact of fenugreek seed extract upon LA toxicity on some blood cellular and biochemical parameters of female albino rats (Rattus norvegicus). Twenty eight female rats were randomly and equally divided into four groups each one contain seven rats as following; first group received basal diet and tap water ad libitum. Second group received basal diet and LA 80 mg/L with water ad libitum. Third group received basal diet contained 2.5% fenugreek seed extract and LA 80 mg/L with water ad libitum. Fourth group received basal diet contained 2.5% fenugreek seed extract with water ad libitum. Rat’s administration was continued daily for two weeks respectively. The administration of rats with LA produced significant reduction in liver weight, food intake, while it increased triglyceride (TG), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), uric acid (UA) and creatinie (CR). While supplemented diet with 2.5% Fenugreek seed extract improved body weight, organ weight, lipid peroxidation, TG, ALP, and AST. Our results plead for the profiteering of fenugreek seeds as a dietary supplement, because it showed protective effect of their content in polyphenolic flavonoids, antioxidant and membrane-protective effects, against exposure to the LA compound to protect injurious risk.
Keywords:
fenugreek, lead acetate, body weight, lipid profile, complete blood count.
References
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[27] Y. Belaïd-Nouira, H. Bakhta, Z. Haouas, I. Flehi-Slim, and H. Ben Cheikh, "Fenugreek seeds reduce aluminum toxicity associated with renal failure in rats," Nutrition research and practice, vol. 7, pp. 466-474, 2013.
https://doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2013.7.6.466
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2009.06.019
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https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfh103
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https://doi.org/10.1016/0091-3057(93)90253-P
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https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-969591
[32] M. N. Mugahi, Z. Heidari, H. M. Sagheb, and M. Barbarestani, "Effects of chronic lead acetate intoxication on blood indices of male adult rat," DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, vol. 11, pp. 147-1, 2003.
[33] J. Wang, H. Zhu, Z. Yang, and Z. Liu, "Antioxidative effects of hesperetin against lead acetate-induced oxidative stress in rats," indian journal of pharmacology, vol. 45, p. 395, 2013.
https://doi.org/10.4103/0253-7613.115015
[34] S. Moylan, M. Maes, N. Wray, and M. Berk, "The neuroprogressive nature of major depressive disorder: pathways to disease evolution and resistance, and therapeutic implications," Molecular psychiatry, vol. 18, pp. 595-606, 2013.
https://doi.org/10.1038/mp.2012.33
[35] P. Ravikumar and C. Anuradha, "Effect of fenugreek seeds on blood lipid peroxidation and antioxidants in diabetic rats," Phytotherapy research, vol. 13, pp. 197-201, 1999.
https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1573(199905)13:3<197::AID-PTR413>3.0.CO;2-L
[36] R. Sharma, A. Sarkar, D. Hazra, B. Misra, J. Singh, B. Maheshwari, and S. Sharma, "Hypolipidaemic effect of fenugreek seeds: A chronic study in non?insulin dependent diabetic patients," Phytotherapy Research, vol. 10, pp. 332-334, 1996.
https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1573(199606)10:4<332::AID-PTR827>3.0.CO;2-J
[37] A. Skoczy?ska, R. Smolik, and M. Jele?, "Lipid abnormalities in rats given small doses of lead," Archives of toxicology, vol. 67, pp. 200-204, 1993.
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01973308
[38] J. C. Ponce-Canchihuamán, O. Pérez-Méndez, R. Hernández-Muñoz, P. V. Torres-Durán, and M. A. Juárez-Oropeza, "Protective effects of Spirulina maxima on hyperlipidemia and oxidative-stress induced by lead acetate in the liver and kidney," Lipids in health and disease, vol. 9, p. 35, 2010.
https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-511X-9-35
[39] A. E. A. Moneim, "Indigofera oblongifolia prevents lead acetate-induced hepatotoxicity, oxidative stress, fibrosis and apoptosis in rats," PLoS One, vol. 11, 2016.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0158965
[40] Z. Abdou, M. Attia, and M. Raafat, "Protective effect of citric acid and thiol compounds against cadmium and lead toxicity in experimental animals," J Biol Chem Environ Sci, vol. 2, pp. 481-497, 2007.
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https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.312.7029.478
[42] R. Sharma, "Effect of fenugreek seeds and leaves on blood glucose and serum insulin responses in human subjects," Nutrition Research, vol. 6, pp. 1353-1364, 1986.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0271-5317(86)80020-3
[43] F. Ghorbe, M. Boujelbene, F. Makni-Ayadi, F. Guermazi, A. Kammoun, J. Murat, F. Croute, J. Soleilhavoup, and A. E. Feki, "Effect of chronic lead exposure on kidney function in male and female rats: determination of a lead exposure biomarker," Archives of physiology and biochemistry, vol. 109, pp. 457-463, 2001.
https://doi.org/10.1076/apab.109.5.457.8035
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https://doi.org/10.37652/juaps.2010.15322
[45] N. Hfaiedh, H. Alimi, J.-C. Murat, and A. Elfeki, "Protective effects of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum L.) upon dieldrin-induced toxicity in male rat," Gen Physiol Biophys, vol. 31, pp. 423-30, 2012.
https://doi.org/10.4149/gpb_2012_044
https://doi.org/10.2174/0929867043365116
[2] C. Upasani and R. Balaraman, "Effect of vitamin E, vitamin C and spirulina on the levels of membrane bound enzymes and lipids in some organs of rats exposed to lead," Indian Journal of Pharmacology, vol. 33, pp. 185-191, 2001.
[3] A. Blazovics, M. Abaza, P. Sipos, K. Szentmihályi, E. Fehérs, and M. Szilagyi, "Biochemical and morphological changes in liver and gallbladder bile of broiler chicken exposed to heavy metals (cadmium, lead, mercury)," Trace elements and electrolytes, vol. 19, pp. 42-47, 2002.
[4] E. Slobozhanina, N. Kozlova, L. Lukyanenko, O. Oleksiuk, R. Gabbianelli, D. Fedeli, G. Caulini, and G. Falcioni, "Lead?induced changes in human erythrocytes and lymphocytes," Journal of Applied Toxicology: An International Journal, vol. 25, pp. 109-114, 2005.
https://doi.org/10.1002/jat.1043
[5] M. Akbari, H. Rasouli, and T. Bahdor, "Physiological and pharmaceutical effect of fenugreek: a review," IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR), vol. 2, pp. 49-53, 2012.
https://doi.org/10.9790/3013-24204953
[6] M. Geetha, K. Suneel, A. Krupanidhi, K. Muralikrishna, A. Avin, and P. Prashanth, "Effect of fenugreek on total body and organ weights: A study on mice," Pharmacologyonline, vol. 3, pp. 747-752, 2011.
[7] S. Stewart, ""Gleaming and Deadly White": Toxic Cosmetics in the Roman World," in Toxicology in Antiquity, ed: Elsevier, 2019, pp. 301-311.
https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-815339-0.00020-2
[8] N. M. Ibrahim, E. A. Eweis, H. S. El-Beltagi, and Y. E. Abdel-Mobdy, "Effect of lead acetate toxicity on experimental male albino rat," Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine, vol. 2, pp. 41-46, 2012.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S2221-1691(11)60187-1
[9] H. Sun, N. Wang, X. Nie, L. Zhao, Q. Li, Z. Cang, C. Chen, M. Lu, J. Cheng, and H. Zhai, "Lead exposure induces weight gain in adult rats, accompanied by DNA hypermethylation," PloS one, vol. 12, 2017.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0169958
[10] P. Hainaut, P. Weynants, P. Coulie, and T. Boon, "Antitumor T-lymphocyte responses," Immunology and allergy clinics of North America, vol. 10, pp. 639-662, 1990.
[11] N. Tietz, A. Rinker, and L. Shaw, "International Federation of Clinical Chemistry (IFCC) 2," Journal of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, vol. 21, pp. 731-748, 1983.
[12] W. Richmond, "Preparation and properties of a cholesterol oxidase from Nocardia sp. and its application to the enzymatic assay of total cholesterol in serum," Clinical chemistry, vol. 19, pp. 1350-1356, 1973.
https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/19.12.1350
[13] P. Sipos, "Some effects of lead contamination on liver and gallbladder bile," Acta Biologica Szegediensis, vol. 47, pp. 139-142, 2003.
[14] M. A. Suckow, S. H. Weisbroth, and C. L. Franklin, The laboratory rat: Elsevier, 2005.
[15] N. Pandit, J. Singh, and D. Bhattacharjee, "Impact of feeding chakwar (Cassia tora) seed on the growth of broilers," Indian journal of poultry science, 1979.
[16] N. M. S. Mahmood and K. R. Hamad, "Effect of Fenugreek Seed Extract on Some Haematological and Biochemical Parameters in Atrazine Treated Male Rats," Zanco Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, vol. 28, pp. 113-126, 2017.
https://doi.org/10.21271/ZJPAS.28.s6.14
[17] M. P. Keane, J. A. Belperio, D. A. Arenberg, M. D. Burdick, Z. J. Xu, Y. Y. Xue, and R. M. Strieter, "IFN-?-inducible protein-10 attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis via inhibition of angiogenesis," The journal of immunology, vol. 163, pp. 5686-5692, 1999.
https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.163.10.5686
[18] H. A. El Hendy, M. I. Yousef, and N. I. Abo El-Naga, "Effect of dietary zinc deficiency on hematological and biochemical parameters and concentrations of zinc, copper, and iron in growing rats," Toxicology, vol. 167, pp. 163-170, 10/15/ 2001.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0300-483X(01)00373-0
[19] R. K. Muslih, M. S. Al-Nimer, and O. AL-ZAMELY, "The level of malondialdehyde after activation with (H2O2) and (CuSO4) and inhibition by desferoxamine and molsidomine in the serum of patients with acute myocardial infarction," National journal of chemistry, vol. 5, pp. 139-148, 2002.
[20] R. A. Goyer and T. W. Clarkson, "Toxic effects of metals," Casarett and Doull's toxicology: the basic science of poisons, vol. 5, pp. 696-8, 1996.
[21] J. Aseth, D. Jacobsen, O. Andersen, and E. Wickstron, "Treatment of mercury and lead poisoning with dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) and sodium dimercapto-propanesulfonate (DMPS)," Analyst, vol. 12, p. 853, 1995.
https://doi.org/10.1039/AN9952000853
[22] S. Petit and F. Burel, "Effects of landscape dynamics on the metapopulation of a ground beetle (Coleoptera, Carabidae) in a hedgerow network," Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, vol. 69, pp. 243-252, 1998.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-8809(98)00111-X
[23] C. Nwokocha, D. Owu, C. Ufearo, and M. Iwuala, "Comparative study on the efficacy of Garcinia kola in reducing some heavy metal accumulation in liver of Wistar rats," Journal of ethnopharmacology, vol. 135, pp. 488-491, 2011.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2011.03.049
[24] P. B. Hammond, D. J. Minnema, and R. Shulka, "Lead exposure lowers the set point for food consumption and growth in weanling rats," Toxicology and applied pharmacology, vol. 106, pp. 80-87, 1990.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0041-008X(90)90108-7
[25] A. Vogetseder, T. Palan, D. Bacic, B. Kaissling, and M. Le Hir, "Proximal tubular epithelial cells are generated by division of differentiated cells in the healthy kidney," American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology, vol. 292, pp. C807-C813, 2007.
https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00301.2006
[26] A. Ekanem, H. Kwari, S. Garba, and H. Salami, "Effect of lead acetate on spleen and blood parameters in albino rats," IOSR J. Dent. Med. Sci. Ver. I, vol. 14, pp. 43-49, 2015.
[27] Y. Belaïd-Nouira, H. Bakhta, Z. Haouas, I. Flehi-Slim, and H. Ben Cheikh, "Fenugreek seeds reduce aluminum toxicity associated with renal failure in rats," Nutrition research and practice, vol. 7, pp. 466-474, 2013.
https://doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2013.7.6.466
[28] A. A. El-Nekeety, A. A. El-Kady, M. S. Soliman, N. S. Hassan, and M. A. Abdel-Wahhab, "Protective effect of Aquilegia vulgaris (L.) against lead acetate-induced oxidative stress in rats," Food and chemical toxicology, vol. 47, pp. 2209-2215, 2009.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2009.06.019
[29] J. K. Kang, D. Sul, J. K. Kang, S.-Y. Nam, H.-J. Kim, and E. Lee, "Effects of lead exposure on the expression of phospholipid hydroperoxidase glutathione peroxidase mRNA in the rat brain," Toxicological Sciences, vol. 82, pp. 228-236, 2004.
https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfh103
[30] P. Petit, Y. Sauvaire, G. Ponsin, M. Manteghetti, A. Fave, and G. Ribes, "Effects of a fenugreek seed extract on feeding behaviour in the rat: metabolic-endocrine correlates," Pharmacology biochemistry and behavior, vol. 45, pp. 369-374, 1993.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0091-3057(93)90253-P
[31] P. Girardon, J. Bessiere, J. Baccou, and Y. Sauvaire, "Volatile constituents of fenugreek seeds," Planta medica, vol. 51, pp. 533-534, 1985.
https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-969591
[32] M. N. Mugahi, Z. Heidari, H. M. Sagheb, and M. Barbarestani, "Effects of chronic lead acetate intoxication on blood indices of male adult rat," DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, vol. 11, pp. 147-1, 2003.
[33] J. Wang, H. Zhu, Z. Yang, and Z. Liu, "Antioxidative effects of hesperetin against lead acetate-induced oxidative stress in rats," indian journal of pharmacology, vol. 45, p. 395, 2013.
https://doi.org/10.4103/0253-7613.115015
[34] S. Moylan, M. Maes, N. Wray, and M. Berk, "The neuroprogressive nature of major depressive disorder: pathways to disease evolution and resistance, and therapeutic implications," Molecular psychiatry, vol. 18, pp. 595-606, 2013.
https://doi.org/10.1038/mp.2012.33
[35] P. Ravikumar and C. Anuradha, "Effect of fenugreek seeds on blood lipid peroxidation and antioxidants in diabetic rats," Phytotherapy research, vol. 13, pp. 197-201, 1999.
https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1573(199905)13:3<197::AID-PTR413>3.0.CO;2-L
[36] R. Sharma, A. Sarkar, D. Hazra, B. Misra, J. Singh, B. Maheshwari, and S. Sharma, "Hypolipidaemic effect of fenugreek seeds: A chronic study in non?insulin dependent diabetic patients," Phytotherapy Research, vol. 10, pp. 332-334, 1996.
https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1573(199606)10:4<332::AID-PTR827>3.0.CO;2-J
[37] A. Skoczy?ska, R. Smolik, and M. Jele?, "Lipid abnormalities in rats given small doses of lead," Archives of toxicology, vol. 67, pp. 200-204, 1993.
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01973308
[38] J. C. Ponce-Canchihuamán, O. Pérez-Méndez, R. Hernández-Muñoz, P. V. Torres-Durán, and M. A. Juárez-Oropeza, "Protective effects of Spirulina maxima on hyperlipidemia and oxidative-stress induced by lead acetate in the liver and kidney," Lipids in health and disease, vol. 9, p. 35, 2010.
https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-511X-9-35
[39] A. E. A. Moneim, "Indigofera oblongifolia prevents lead acetate-induced hepatotoxicity, oxidative stress, fibrosis and apoptosis in rats," PLoS One, vol. 11, 2016.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0158965
[40] Z. Abdou, M. Attia, and M. Raafat, "Protective effect of citric acid and thiol compounds against cadmium and lead toxicity in experimental animals," J Biol Chem Environ Sci, vol. 2, pp. 481-497, 2007.
[41] P. Knekt, R. Jarvinen, A. Reunanen, and J. Maatela, "Flavonoid intake and coronary mortality in Finland: a cohort study," Bmj, vol. 312, pp. 478-481, 1996.
https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.312.7029.478
[42] R. Sharma, "Effect of fenugreek seeds and leaves on blood glucose and serum insulin responses in human subjects," Nutrition Research, vol. 6, pp. 1353-1364, 1986.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0271-5317(86)80020-3
[43] F. Ghorbe, M. Boujelbene, F. Makni-Ayadi, F. Guermazi, A. Kammoun, J. Murat, F. Croute, J. Soleilhavoup, and A. E. Feki, "Effect of chronic lead exposure on kidney function in male and female rats: determination of a lead exposure biomarker," Archives of physiology and biochemistry, vol. 109, pp. 457-463, 2001.
https://doi.org/10.1076/apab.109.5.457.8035
[44] S. M. Mohammed, "PHYSIOLOGICAL AND HISTOLOGICAL EFFECT OF LEAD ACETATE IN KIDNEY OF MALE MICEMus musculus," Journal of university of Anbar for Pure science, vol. 4, pp. 1-7, 2010.
https://doi.org/10.37652/juaps.2010.15322
[45] N. Hfaiedh, H. Alimi, J.-C. Murat, and A. Elfeki, "Protective effects of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum L.) upon dieldrin-induced toxicity in male rat," Gen Physiol Biophys, vol. 31, pp. 423-30, 2012.
https://doi.org/10.4149/gpb_2012_044
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R. Abduljalil Naser, R. Yousif Mameik, N. M. Shareef Mahmood, and K. Bapir Chato, “Ameliorated Impact of Fenugreek Seed Extract on Some Blood Cellular and Biochemical Parameters in Female Albino Rats Exposed to Lead Acetate”, KJAR, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 105–115, Dec. 2020, doi: 10.24017/science.2020.ICHMS2020.12.
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Published
12-12-2020
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Pure and Applied Science
