Outcomes of Type I Tympanoplasty using a Cartilage Shield Graft

Murad Ghazi Ahmed; Said M. Said Aljaff; Hiwa Asaad Abdulkareem

doi:10.24017/science.2020.ICHMS2020.11

Authors

Murad Ghazi Ahmed Sulaimani Teaching Hospital-Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery Center, Sulaimani, Iraq
Said M. Said Aljaff Teaching Hospital, ENT Head and Neck Surgery Center, Sulaimani, Iraq
Hiwa Asaad Abdulkareem Sulaimani Teaching Hospital, ENT, Head and Neck Surgery Center, Sulaimani, Iraq

Abstract

Background: Type I tympanoplasty surgery is an effective routine technic that had been used for tympanic reconstruction to improve hearing. Objectives: The aim was to measure the effect of type I tympanoplasty surgery using the cartilage shield graft (CSG) in term of graft uptake (anatomical outcome) and hearing gains (functional outcomes) of patients with poor prognostic factors. Method and Materials: In this study, 20 patients with perforation exceeded 50%, but limited to the tympanic membrane were recruited for type I tympanoplasty surgery. The study was conducted in the Otolaryngology/Head and Neck surgery training center in Sulaimani Teaching Hospital in Sulaimani city for one year period. Bellucci classi?cation was used to evaluate otorrhea risks. Results: The majority of patients were female (90%), with a mean ± SD (standard deviation) of ages of 37.15 ± 14.01 years. Most of the patients (40%) were presented with a mild hearing loss of 26-40 decibels (dB). Type I tympanoplasty surgery using the cartilage shield graft (CSG) had significantly decreased the hearing loss and air-bone gap (p-value = 0.046 and 0.006, respectively). The mean differences in hearing loss and air-bone gap were 5.05 dB and 6.75 dB, respectively. Conclusions: CSG in type I tympanoplasty surgery is an effective solution in anatomical outcome (Graft uptake) and functional outcomes (hearing gains) which had been reflected in reducing hearing loss and air-bone gap (average hearing gain of 5dB) in patients presented with tympanic membrane perforations. No improvement in the functional outcomes was observed in patients presented with severe hearing loss pre-operatively.

Keywords:

Air-bone gap, Bellucci classification, Cartilage shield graft (CSG), Hearing loss (dB), Tympanic membrane perforation, Type I tympanoplasty surgery.

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