Epidemiological and Clinical Aspects of Ulcerative Colitis in Mosul city, Iraq
https://doi.org/10.24017/science.2019.ICHMS.6
Abstract views: 1702 / PDF downloads: 874Abstract
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract with heterogeneous disease presentation. A cross-sectional descriptive study was undertaken in Mosul General Hospital. The study was conducted using two distinct methodologies. An observational checklist was used by the researcher to assess the patients’ characteristics and factors related to UC from 200 hospitalized patients from December 2018 to April 2019. Data were entered into spreadsheets and analyzed in Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22. The results showed that 49.0% of patients was males and 51.0% was female; the mean age was 46.36 years old. Elderly stage (> 45 years of age) makes the highest proportion of the patients 99 (49.5%). The majority of patients was from urban or inside Mosul city center 140 (70%). The study also showed that the more frequency of patients 103 (51.5%) were in severe condition. Patients were used or given more antibiotics, they will be liked to get UC 191 (95.5%) and the relation was found to be statistically significant at (p<0.001). The study showed that 95 (47.5%) of all cases had a previous family history of UC. Out of 102 female patients, 45 (44.1%) were more frequently under uses of contraceptive pills. 60 (58.8%) of patients was in severe cases of UC and followed by moderate 35 (34.3%). Out of 103 severe cases, 60 of them were female. These differences were statistically significant at (p<0.05). In addition, out of 45 female patients were used oral contraceptive pills, 30 (66.7%) of them were in severe cases of UC and followed by 14 (31.1%) were in moderate cases. Majority of patients previously were sensitive to spices 160 (80.0%) and followed by fish and eggs 21 (10.5) 16 (8.0%) respectively. In addition, out of 160 spices sensitive patients, 80 (50.5%) of them were in severe cases and 61 (38.1%) were in moderate cases. Statistically, these differences are significant at (p<0.05). In conclusion, UC among late adult in our community needs critical care and monitoring. The female patients were at risk of UC especially, who uses oral contraceptive pills. The random and more antibiotic uses are considered as major risk factors lead to cause UC.
Keywords:
Ulcerative colitis, Mosul city, Oral contraceptive pills, Food sensitivity.
References
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https://doi.org/10.3402/ljm.v4i2.4814
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https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-5085(63)80111-0
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https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02553198
[39] C. Güray, P. Emrah, Y. Bülent, C. Hatice, K. U?ur, E. Fatih, "Epidemiologic features of ?nflammatory bowel disease in Western Blacksea region of Turkey for the last 10 years: retrospective cohort study," Korean J Intern Med, 34, pp. 519-529, 2019.
https://doi.org/10.3904/kjim.2015.310
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https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/106502
[41] A. Bret, V. Sunanda, B. Stephen, "Lack of Association between Oral Contraceptive Use and Ulcerative Colitis," Gastroenterology, 99, pp. 1032-1036, 1990.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-5085(90)90623-9
[42] Y. Niv, G. Abuksis, GM. Fraser, "Epidemiology of ulcerative colitis in Israel: a survey of Israeli kibbutz settlements," Am J Gastroenterol, 95, pp. 693-698, 2000.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.2000.01849.x
[43] A. Sonnenberg, DJ. McCarty, SJ. Jacobsen, "Geographic variation of inflammatory bowel disease within the United States." Gastroenterology, 100, pp. 143-149, 1991.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-5085(91)90594-B
[44] S. Shivananda, J. Lennard-Jones, R. Logan, N Fear, A. Price, L. Carpenter, et al., "Incidence of inflammatory bowel disease across Europe: is there a difference between north and south? Results of the European Collaborative Study on Inflammatory Bowel Disease (EC-IBD)," Gut, 39, pp. 690-697, 1996.
https://doi.org/10.1136/gut.39.5.690
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https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00603.x
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https://doi.org/10.26505/DJM.16014240904
[47] K. Hamed, N. Martin, E. Anders, F. Jonas, A. Johan, T. Andrew, et al, "Oral Contraceptive Use and Risk of Ulcerative Colitis Progression: A Nationwide Study," Am J Gastroenterol, 111(11), pp. 1614-1620, 2016.
https://doi.org/10.1038/ajg.2016.464
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https://doi.org/10.1016/S1542-3565(05)00020-0
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2014.07.002
[2] H. Matthew, "Human Anatomy," Webmed, 2017.
[3] SB. Hanauer, "Inflammatory bowel disease," The New England Journal of Medicine, 334 (13), pp. 841-8, 1996.
https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199603283341307
[4] Kornbluth A, Sachar DB, "Ulcerative colitis practice guidelines in adults (update): American College of Gastroenterology, Practice Parameters Committee," The American Journal of Gastroenterology, 99 (7), pp. 1371-85, 2004.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.2004.40036.x
[5] M. Orholm, V. Binder, TI. Sørensen, LP. Rasmussen, KO. Kyvik, "Concordance of inflammatory bowel disease among Danish twins. Results of a nationwide study," Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 35 (10), pp. 1075-81,2000
https://doi.org/10.1080/003655200451207
[6] NIDDK, Ulcerative Colitis, September 2014. Archived from the original on 28 July 2016. 2016.
[7] Y. Akiho, A. Azusa, N. Shuich, M. Yuichi, O. Masatoshi, F. Yoshihiro, et al, "Promising biological therapies for ulcerative colitis: A review of the literature," World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology. 6 (4), pp. 219-227, 2015.
https://doi.org/10.4291/wjgp.v6.i4.219
[8] A. Kornbluth, DB. Sachar, "Ulcerative colitis practice guidelines in adults (update): American College of Gastroenterology, Practice Parameters Committee," The American Journal of Gastroenterology, 99 (7), pp. 1371-85, 2004.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.2004.40036.x
[9] D. Marc, Ulcerative colitis at medicine, 2018.
[10] DK. Podolsky, "Inflammatory bowel disease," The New England Journal of Medicine, 347 (6), pp. 417-29, 2002.
https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMra020831
[11] A. Schmidt, J. Marshall, M. Hayman, "Identification and characterization of the chicken transferrin receptor," The Biochemical Journal, 232(3), pp. 735-741, 1985.
https://doi.org/10.1042/bj2320735
[12] K. Karlinger, T. Györke, E. Makö, A. Mester, Z. Tarján, "The epidemiology and the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease," European Journal of Radiology, 35 (3), pp. 154-167, 2000.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0720-048X(00)00238-2
[13] S. Shivananda, Lennard- J. Jones, R. Logan, N. Fear, A. Price, L. Carpenter, et al, Incidence of inflammatory bowel disease across Europe: is there a difference between north and south? Results of the European Collaborative Study on Inflammatory Bowel Disease, 2012.
[14] A. Sonnenberg, DJ. McCarty, S.J Jacobsen, "Geographic variation of inflammatory bowel disease within the United States," Gastroenterology. 100 (1), pp. 143-9, 1991.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-5085(91)90594-B
[15] S. Wong, S. Ng, "What can we learn from inflammatory bowel disease in developing countries?," Current Gastroenterology Reports, 15 (3), 2013.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11894-013-0313-9
[16] X. Jiang, H. Cui, "An analysis of 10218 ulcerative colitis cases in China," World Journal of Gastroenterology, 8 (1), pp. 158-161, 2002.
https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v8.i1.158
[17] W. Gong, N. Lv, B. Wang, et al., "Risk of ulcerative colitisassociated colorectal cancer in China: a multi-center retrospective study," Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 57(2), pp. 503- 507, 2012.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-011-1890-9
[18] G. Koroush, V. Javad, H. Afshin, "Epidemiological and clinical aspects of ulcerative colitis in west of Iran," SpringerPlus ,5(1588), pp. 3248-4n, 2016.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40064-016-3248-4
[19] S. Vahid, A. Firouz, A. Leili, "Epidemiologic study of 80 patients with ulcerative colitis referred to Imam Hospital in Ardabil city during 2004-2011," International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2(4), pp. 1417-1422, 2014.
https://doi.org/10.5455/2320-6012.ijrms20141133
[20] G. Sivaram, K. Santosh, B. Avinash, P. Meka, S. Vishnupriya, A. Mohammed, et al., "The epidemiology and prevalence of Ulcerative colitis in the South of India," Open Journal of Immunology, 2 (4), pp. 144-148, 2012.
https://doi.org/10.4236/oji.2012.24018
[21] H. Odes, D. Fraser, J. Krawiec, "Ulcerative colitis in the Jewish population of Southern Israel 1961-1985: epidemiological and clinical study," Gut, 28, pp. 1630-1636, 1987.
https://doi.org/10.1136/gut.28.12.1630
[22] NICE, Clinical guideline and quality standard: Ulcerative colitis scope, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, Ulcerative colitis: management Clinical guideline [CG166], 2011.
[23] AH. Alamin, EA. Ayoola, AS. El-Boshra, MK. Hamaza, V. Gupta, MA. Ahmed, "Ulcerative colitis in Saudi Arabia: a retrospective analysis of 33 cases treated in a regional referral hospital in Gizan," Saudi J Gastroenterol, 7, pp. 55-58, 2001.
[24] M. Henriksen, J. Jahnsen, I. Lygren, MH. Vatn, B. Moum, "Are there any differences in phenotype or disease course between familial and sporadic cases of inflammatory bowel disease? Results of a population-based follow-up study," Am J Gastroenterol, 102, pp. 1955-1963, 2007.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.2007.01368.x
[25] EJ. Boyko, TD. Koepsell, DR. Perera, TS. Inui, "Risk of ulcerative colitis among former and current cigarette smokers," The New England Journal of Medicine, 316 (12), pp. 707-10, 1987.
https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM198703193161202
[26] A. Hatim, S. Noel, "Histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques in ulcerative colitis, Ann. Coll. Med. Mosul, 34(1), pp. 28-34, 2008.
https://doi.org/10.33899/mmed.2008.8940
[27] F. Hayder, "Characterization of lymphocyte subsets as a tool of assessment of histological disease activity pattern in ulcerative colitis," Fac Med Baghdad, 52 (3), 2010.
[28] A. Khalid, "Descriptive study of Extragastrointestinal Manifestations of Ulcerative Colitis and their relation to disease activity in 100 Iraqi patients," Fac Med Baghdad, 53(1), 2011.
[29] H. Vahedi, S. Merat, S. Momtahen, G. Olfati, AS. Kazzazi, T. Tabrizian, et al., "Epidemiologic characteristics of 500 patients with inflammatory bowel disease in Iran studied from 2004 through 2007," Arch Iran Med, 12, pp. 454-460, 2009.
[30] M. Xinling, C. Yuke, L. Qianying, L. Hui, and L. Hua, "Food intolerance prevalence in active ulcerative colitis in southwest China," Asia Pac J Clin Nutr, 25(3), pp. 529-533, 2016.
[31] SN. Khosla, NK. Girdhar, S. Lal, DS. Mishra, "Epidemiology of ulcerative colitis in hospital and select general population of northern India," J Assoc Physicians India, 34, pp. 405-407, 1986.
[32] A. Fani, "A study on the pattern of prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease and its clinical presentation in Arak," Rahavard Danesh J Arak Univ Med Sci,18 (5), pp. 28-3, 2002.
[33] A. Ahmaida, S. Al-Shaikhi, "Childhood Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Libya: Epidemiological and Clinical features," Libyan J Med, 4, pp. 70-74, 2009.
https://doi.org/10.3402/ljm.v4i2.4814
[34] ED. Acheson, MD. Nefzger, "Ulcerative colitis in the United States Army in 1944. Epidemiology: comparisons between patients and controls," Gastroenterology, 44, pp. 7-19, 1963.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-5085(63)80111-0
[35] J. Askling, L. Grahnquist, A. Ekbom, Y. Finkel, "Incidence of pediatric Crohn's disease in Stockholm, Sweden," Lancet, 354 (2), pp. 1179- 80, 1999.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(99)02625-2
[36] RD. Wigley, BP. MacLaurin, "A study of ulcerative colitis in New Zealand, showing a low incidence in Maoris," Br Med J, 2, pp. 228-31, 1962.
https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.2.5299.228
[37] Z. Mehdi, B. Homayoon, A. Lotfollah, K. Ali, T. Ramin, F. Kiomars, et al, "Ulcerative colitis," Middle East Journal of Digestive Diseases, 9 (3), pp. 164-169, 2017.
[38] Linden G, "Ulcerative colitis in Finland 11. One year incidence in all hospitals," Dis Colon Rectum, 14, pp. 264-6, 1971.
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02553198
[39] C. Güray, P. Emrah, Y. Bülent, C. Hatice, K. U?ur, E. Fatih, "Epidemiologic features of ?nflammatory bowel disease in Western Blacksea region of Turkey for the last 10 years: retrospective cohort study," Korean J Intern Med, 34, pp. 519-529, 2019.
https://doi.org/10.3904/kjim.2015.310
[40] M. Sajadinejad, K. Asgari, H. Molavi, M. Kalantari, P. Adibi, "Psychological Issues in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: An Overview," Gastroenterology Research and Practice, 10(1155), pp. 1065-2, 2012.
https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/106502
[41] A. Bret, V. Sunanda, B. Stephen, "Lack of Association between Oral Contraceptive Use and Ulcerative Colitis," Gastroenterology, 99, pp. 1032-1036, 1990.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-5085(90)90623-9
[42] Y. Niv, G. Abuksis, GM. Fraser, "Epidemiology of ulcerative colitis in Israel: a survey of Israeli kibbutz settlements," Am J Gastroenterol, 95, pp. 693-698, 2000.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.2000.01849.x
[43] A. Sonnenberg, DJ. McCarty, SJ. Jacobsen, "Geographic variation of inflammatory bowel disease within the United States." Gastroenterology, 100, pp. 143-149, 1991.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-5085(91)90594-B
[44] S. Shivananda, J. Lennard-Jones, R. Logan, N Fear, A. Price, L. Carpenter, et al., "Incidence of inflammatory bowel disease across Europe: is there a difference between north and south? Results of the European Collaborative Study on Inflammatory Bowel Disease (EC-IBD)," Gut, 39, pp. 690-697, 1996.
https://doi.org/10.1136/gut.39.5.690
[45] CN. Bernstein, A. Wajda, LW. Svenson, A. MacKenzie, M. Koehoorn, M. Jackson, et al., "The epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease in Canada: a population-based study," Am J Gastroenterol, 101, pp. 1559-1568, 2006.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00603.x
[46] J. Abbas, "Detection of Anti-Lactoferrin and Anti-Lysozyme in Ulcerative Colitis Patients," Diyala Journal of Medicine, 21(16), pp. 1, 2019.
https://doi.org/10.26505/DJM.16014240904
[47] K. Hamed, N. Martin, E. Anders, F. Jonas, A. Johan, T. Andrew, et al, "Oral Contraceptive Use and Risk of Ulcerative Colitis Progression: A Nationwide Study," Am J Gastroenterol, 111(11), pp. 1614-1620, 2016.
https://doi.org/10.1038/ajg.2016.464
[48] MH. Mosli, CE. Parker, SA. Nelson, KA. Baker, JK. MacDonald, GY. Zou, et al., Histologic scoring indices for evaluation of disease activity in ulcerative colitis, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2017.
https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD011256.pub2
[49] N. Faten, M. Collen, B. Wareen, R. Gary, D. James, "Antibiotic Use and the Risk of Flare of Inflammatory Bowel Disease," Clinical gastrology and hepatology, 3, pp. 459 -465, 2005.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S1542-3565(05)00020-0
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M. Babakir-Mina, “Epidemiological and Clinical Aspects of Ulcerative Colitis in Mosul city, Iraq”, KJAR, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 56–66, Aug. 2019, doi: 10.24017/science.2019.ICHMS.6.
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