Morphological and morphometric study of Echinococcus granulosus (metacestode) in Sulaimani Province/ Kurdistan Region, Iraq
https://doi.org/10.24017/science.2016.1.1.6
Abstract views: 1861 / PDF downloads: 1510Abstract
Hydatid disease (echinococcosis) is a parasitic infection caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus with the global distribution. This disease is endemic in Iraq and Kurdistan Region with no strategy and long-term control plan. The strain identification of this parasite is essential to improve both monitoring and prevention of the disease. For this reason, the present on the morphological characterization of the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus isolated from sheep, cattle, and human beings, was carried out in Sulaimani as an atempt to determine the polymorphism among echinococcus hooks isolated from diferent hosts. The morphometric of hooks were evaluated by (computerized morphometric) software. A significant difference was found in the blade length and width (guard) of the hook isolated from a different intermediate host of Echinococcus. This finding suggested that different strains of E. granulosus are responsible for animal and human infection in Kurdistan-Iraq.
Keywords:
Echinococcus granulosus, hook, hydatid cyst, strain
References
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https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X14000376
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https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-1165.S2-005
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https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031182002002172
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https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031182000063332
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https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7519(83)80016-2
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.02.003
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https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031182098002911
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[16] Rahimi, H. R.; Kia, E. B.; Mirhendi, S. H.; Talebi, A.; Fasihi, H. M.; Jalali-zand N., and Rokni, M. F.(2007). A new primer pair in ITS1 region for molecular studies on Echinococcus granulosus. J. Public, Health. 36: 45-49.
[17] Rinaldi, L.; Maurelli, M. P.; Capuano, F.; Perugini, A. G.; Veneziano, V., and Cringoli, S. (2008). Molecular update and cystic echinococcosis in cattle and water Baffaloes of southern Italy. J. Blackwell verlag. Zoonosis, public. Health. 55:119- 123.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1863-2378.2007.01101.x
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[19] Sanchez, E.; Caceres, O.; Naquira, C.; Garcia, D.; Patino, G.; Silvia, H.; Volotao, A. C., and Fernandes, O. (2010). Molecular characterization of Echinococcus granulosus from Peru by sequencing of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit one gene. Res. Dev. J., 105(6): 806-810.
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0074-02762010000600013
[20] Satoskar, A. R.; Simon, G. L.; Hotez, P. J., and Tsuji, M. (2009). Medical parasitology, Landes Bioscience, Texas. Pp:320.
https://doi.org/10.1201/9781498713672
[21] Sweatman, G. K., and williams, R. J., (1963). Comparative studies on the biology and morphology of Echinococcus granulosus from domestic livestock, moose, and reindeer. Parasitology 53: 339-390.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031182000073832
[22] WHO, (2006). The control of neglected zoonotic diseases. Meeting with the participation of FAO and OIE. Geneva.
[2] Almeida, F.; Oliveira, F.; Neves, R.; Siqueira, N. (2015). Morphometric characteristics of the metacestode Echinococcus vogeli Rausch & Bernstein, 1972 in human infections from the northern region of Brazil. 480-486. doi:10.1017/S0022149X14000376
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X14000376
[3] Antonio, M., and Tselentis, Y., (1993). Studies on Echinococcus granulosus using the scanning electron microscope. II. The hooks. Parasitology Research, vol.79, pp.543-546.
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00932237
[4] Eckert, J.; Gemmell, M. A.; Meslin, F. X.; Pawlowski, Z. (2002). WHO / OIE Manual on Echinococcosis in humans and animals: apublic health problem of global concern. Paris: Office International des. Epizooties. Pp: 225.
[5] Hama, A.A.; Mero, W. S., and Jubrael, J.M. S., (2012).Molecular characterization of Echinococcus graulosus First report of sheep strain in Kurdistan - Iraq. Second International Conference on Echological, Environment al and Biological Sciences (EEBS 2012) Bali (Indonesia).
[6] Hama, A. A.; Hassan, Z.I.; Mero, W.M.; Interisano, M.; Boufana, B., and Casulli, A. (2015)
[7] Epidemiology?: Open Access A Morphologically Unusual Echinococcus granulosus ( G1 Genotype ) Cyst in a Cow from Kurdistan - Iraq. 2-4. doi:10.4172/2161-1165.S2-005
https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-1165.S2-005
[8] Harandi, M. F.; Hobbs, R. P.; Adams, P. J.; Mobedi, I.; Morgan-Ryan, U. M., and Thompson, R. C. A. (2002). Molecular and morphological characterization of Echinococcus granulosus of human and animal origin in Iran. J.Parasitol.,125:367-373.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031182002002172
[9] Hobbs, R. P.; Lymbery, A. J., and Thompson, R. C. A. (1990). Rostella hook characters of Echinococcus granulosus (Batsch, 1786) from natural and experimental Australian hosts, and its implications for strain recognition. Parasitology 101: 273-281.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031182000063332
[10] Kumaratilake, L.M., and Thompson, R. C. A. (1983).A comparison of Echinococcus granulosus from different geographical areas of Australia using secondary cyst development in mice. Int. J. Parasitol., 13:509-515.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7519(83)80016-2
[11] Latif, A. A.; Tanveer A.; Maqbool, A.; Siddiqi N.; Kyaw-Tanner, M., and Traub, R. J. (2010). Morphological and molecular characterisation of Echinococcus granulosus in livestock and humans in Punjab, Pakistan. J. Vet. Parasitol., 170: 44-49.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.02.003
[12] Lymbery, A. J., (1998). Combining data from morphological traits and genetic markers to determine transmission cycles in the tape worm, Echinococcus granulosus. Parasitology 117 (Pt 2:185-92.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031182098002911
[13] Magid, N., (2008). Prevalence of hydatid cyst among slaughter animal in Duhok province, M.Sc. Thesis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Univ. of Duhok.
[14] Markell, E. K.; John, D.T., and Krotoski, W.A. (1999).Medical Parasitology. 8th ed. W. B. SaunderCompany. Pp: 253-261.
[15] Mero, W.M.S.; Jubrael, J. M.S.; Hama, A.A., (2013). Prevalence of Hydatid Disease among Slaughtered Animals in Slemani Province / Kurdistan- Zakho University Jornal.
https://doi.org/10.25271/2014.2.1.125
[16] Rahimi, H. R.; Kia, E. B.; Mirhendi, S. H.; Talebi, A.; Fasihi, H. M.; Jalali-zand N., and Rokni, M. F.(2007). A new primer pair in ITS1 region for molecular studies on Echinococcus granulosus. J. Public, Health. 36: 45-49.
[17] Rinaldi, L.; Maurelli, M. P.; Capuano, F.; Perugini, A. G.; Veneziano, V., and Cringoli, S. (2008). Molecular update and cystic echinococcosis in cattle and water Baffaloes of southern Italy. J. Blackwell verlag. Zoonosis, public. Health. 55:119- 123.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1863-2378.2007.01101.x
[18] Rood, K. A., and Kelly, J. (2009). Prevention ofHydatid Disease. Anim. Health., 1: 1-7.
[19] Sanchez, E.; Caceres, O.; Naquira, C.; Garcia, D.; Patino, G.; Silvia, H.; Volotao, A. C., and Fernandes, O. (2010). Molecular characterization of Echinococcus granulosus from Peru by sequencing of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit one gene. Res. Dev. J., 105(6): 806-810.
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0074-02762010000600013
[20] Satoskar, A. R.; Simon, G. L.; Hotez, P. J., and Tsuji, M. (2009). Medical parasitology, Landes Bioscience, Texas. Pp:320.
https://doi.org/10.1201/9781498713672
[21] Sweatman, G. K., and williams, R. J., (1963). Comparative studies on the biology and morphology of Echinococcus granulosus from domestic livestock, moose, and reindeer. Parasitology 53: 339-390.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031182000073832
[22] WHO, (2006). The control of neglected zoonotic diseases. Meeting with the participation of FAO and OIE. Geneva.
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A. A. Hama and O. H. Shareef, “Morphological and morphometric study of Echinococcus granulosus (metacestode) in Sulaimani Province/ Kurdistan Region, Iraq”, KJAR, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 61–65, Mar. 2016, doi: 10.24017/science.2016.1.1.6.
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