Clinical, Endoscopic and Urea Breath Test Among Dyspeptic Patients Referred to Kurdistan Center for Gastroenterology and Hepatology in Sulaimani
https://doi.org/10.24017/science.2017.2.12
Abstract views: 1148 / PDF downloads: 856Abstract
Objective is to assess patients with dyspepsia clinically and to find the relationship between endoscopic findings and Urea breathe test. This is a cross-sectional descriptive study, was conducted during the period of October 2016 till April 2017 in Kurdistan Center for Gastroenterology and Hepatology in Sulaimani city. Eighty six patients were included, fifty eight of them underwent both OGD and Urea breath test, and twenty eight of them underwent Urea breath test only. Patients who underwent OGD were prepared by overnight fasting, pre-procedure viral screening (Hepatitis B surface antigen, Hepatitis C virus antibody and Human immunodeficiency virus antibody), conscious sedation performed by midazolam at the time of procedure. Patients underwent Urea breath test were prepared by overnight fasting and they were advised not to use antibiotics 4 weeks and proton pump inhibitors, or Bismuth compounds 2 weeks before the test. Results: The mean age of participants was 35.89 ±11.55.Fifty five cases 64% were female and 31 cases 36%were male. The mean Body Mass Index of studied patients was 24.83 kg/ m2± 4.2, overweight patients were 31.4% and 8.1% were obese. The main presenting symptom was epigastric discomfort 31%. Urea breath test for Helicobacter pylori was positive in51.2% with significant correlation with OGD findings. Helicobacter pylori infection is common among dyspeptic patients; the infection is more common in the age group of 20-40 years. Urea breath test is a noninvasive test to detect Helicobacter pylori.
Keywords:
Dyspepsia, Helicobacter pylori, Urea breath test, Sulaimani
References
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https://doi.org/10.4103/1319-3767.54743
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https://doi.org/10.4314/eajph.v7i4.64755
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https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1746.1997.tb00455.x
[38] U. Poddar, SK. Yachha, "Helicobacter pylori in children: an Indian perspective," Indian Pediatr, vol. 44, pp. 761-70, 2007.
[39] R. Jackman, C. Schlichting, W. Carr, A. Dubois, "Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in United States Navy submarine crews," Epidemiol Infect, vol. 134, pp. 460-464, 2006.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950268805005169
[40] R. Niknam, M. Seddigh, M. Reza ,A. Dehghanian and L. Mahmoudi, "Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in Patients with Dyspepsia," Jundishapur J Microbiol, vol. 7, pp. e12676, 2014.
https://doi.org/10.5812/jjm.12676
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1730-0
[2] V. Stanghellini, FK. Chan, WL. Hasler, JR. Malagelada , H. Suzuki , J. Tack, et al., "Gastroduodenal Disorders," Gastroenterology,; vol. 150, pp.1380, 2016.
https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2016.02.011
[3] S. Mahadeva, G. Khean., World J Gastroenterol, vol.12, pp. 2661-2666, 2006.
https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v12.i17.2661
[4] J. Tack, R. Bisschops, G. Sarnelli, "Pathophysiology and treatment of functional dyspepsia," Gastroenterology, vol. 127, pp. 1239-1255, 2004.
https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2004.05.030
[5] A. Fuad. Baban, O. Mohammad, "The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in upper gastrointestinal disorders," (JZS) Journal of Zankoy Sulaimani, Part A, pp. 1-8, 2003.
https://doi.org/10.17656/jzs.10106
[6] TL. Testerman, J. Morris, "Beyond the stomach; an updated view of H. pylori pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment," World J Gastroenterol, pp. 12781-12808, 2014.
https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v20.i36.12781
[7] D. Varia, N. Vakil, "Blood, urine, stool, breathe money and helicobacter pylori," Gut, vol. 48, pp. 287-9, 2001.
https://doi.org/10.1136/gut.48.3.287
[8] J. Fox, "The non-H. Pylori helicobacter: their expanding role in gastrointestinal and systemic diseases," Gut, vol. 50, pp. 273-283, 2002.
https://doi.org/10.1136/gut.50.2.273
[9] R. Suzuki, S. Shiota, Y. Yamaoka, "Molecular epidemiology, population genetics, and pathogenic role of Helicobacter pylori," Infect Genet Evol, vol. 12, pp. 203-213, 2012.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2011.12.002
[10] S. Mishra, "Is Helicobacter pylori good or bad?," Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis, vol. 32, pp. 301-304, 2013.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-012-1773-9
[11] D. Michael, A. Carrie, M. Jonathan., "Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric pathology: insights from in vivo and ex vivo models," Dis Model Mech, vol. 10, pp. 89-104, 2017.
https://doi.org/10.1242/dmm.027649
[12] JG. Kusters, AH. Van Vliet, EJ. Kuipers, "Pathogenesis of Helicobacter pylori infection," Clin Microbiol Rev, vol. 19, pp. 449-490, 2006.
https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00054-05
[13] P. Lochhead, EM. El-Omar, "Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric cancer," Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol, vol. 21, pp. 281-297, 2007.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpg.2007.02.002
[14] PC. Konturek, SJ. Konturek, T. Brzozowski, "Helicobacter pylori infection in gastric cancerogenesis," J Physiol Pharmacol, vol. 60, pp. 3-21, 2009.
[15] SS. Kim, VE. Ruiz, JD. Carroll, SF. Moss, "Helicobacter pylori in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer and gastric lymphoma," Cancer Lett, vol. 305, pp. 228-238, 2011.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.canlet.2010.07.014
[16] D. Varia, P. Malfertheiner, F. Megroud, AT. Axon, M. Deltenre, AM. Hirschl, et al., "Dianosis of Hehicobacter pylori infection with a new non-invasive antigen based assay," Lancet, vol. 354, pp. 30-3, 1999.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(98)08103-3
[17] B. Ho, and Marshall, "Accurate Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori. Serologic Testing," North American Journal of Clinical, vol. 29, pp. 853-862, 2000.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0889-8553(05)70152-7
[18] E. Sheila, "Indications and diagnostic tests for Helicobacter pylori infection." UptoDate.com. Updated Mar. 12, 2015.
[19] M. Cirak,, Y. Akyön, and F. Mégraud, "Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori," Helicobacter, vol. 12, pp. 4-9, 2007.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-5378.2007.00542.x
[20] YH. Grad, M. Lipsitch, AE. Aiello, "Secular trends in Helicobacter pylori seroprevalence in adults in the United States: evidence for sustained race/ethnic disparities," Am J Epidemiol, vol. 175, pp. 54, 2012.
https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwr288
[20] U. Ladabaum, WD. Chey, JM. Scheiman, "Reappraisal of non-invasive management strategies for uninvestigated dyspepsia: A cost-minimization analysis," Aliment Pharmacol Ther, vol. 16, pp. 1491-501, 2002.
https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2002.01306.x
[21] Y. Bentur, D. Matsui, G. Koren, "Safety of 14C-UBT for diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in pregnancy,' Can Fam Physician, vol. 55, pp. 479-480, 2009.
[22] NJ. Peng, KH. Lai, RS. Liu, SC. Lee, DG. Tsay, CC. Lo, et al., "Clinical significance of oral urease in diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection by [13C] urea breath test," Dig Dis Sci, vol. 46, pp. 1772-8, 2001.
[23] O. Mohamme, "Correlation of Endoscopic Findings with Various Helicobacter pylori Tests among Dyspeptic Patients," International Journal of Clinical Medicine, vol. 5, pp. 1180-1188, 2014.
https://doi.org/10.4236/ijcm.2014.519151
[24] A. Mohamma, A. Taha, T. Pshko, "Helicobacter Pylori infection among Dyspeptic Patients Referred for Endoscopy," Zanco J Med Sci, vol. 14, pp. 37-43, 2010.
[25] E. Agbakwuru., A. Fatusi,, D. Ndububa, O. Alatise, O. Arigbabu and D. Akinola, "Pattern and Validity of Clinical Diagnosis of Upper Gastrointestinal Diseases in South-West Nigeria," African Health Sciences, vol. 6, pp. 98-103, 2006.
[26] C. Onyekwere, H. Hameed, E. Anomneze, and C. Chibututu, "Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Findings in Nigerians: A Review of 170 Cases in Lagos," The Nigerian Postgraduate Medical Journal, vol. 15, pp. 126-129, 2008.
[27] A. Mohie A., EL. Shabaan, AM. , "Cigarette smoking status and Helicobacter pylori infection in non-ulcer dyspepsia patients," Egyptian Journal of Chest Diseases and tuberculosis,; vol. 3, pp. 695-699, 2014.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejcdt.2014.03.007
[28] BA. Salih, "Helicobacter pylori infection in developing countries: the burden for how long?," Saudi J Gastroenterol, vol. 15, pp. 201-7, 2009.
https://doi.org/10.4103/1319-3767.54743
[29] A. Solhpour, A. Safaee, MA. Pourhoseingholi , B. Moghimi-Dehkordi , M. Habibi , F. Qafarnejad , et al., "Relationship between uninvestigated dyspepsia and body mass index: a population-based study," East Afr J Public Health, vol. 7, pp. 318-22, 2010.
https://doi.org/10.4314/eajph.v7i4.64755
[30] Abd. Labiba, S. Nahla, "Correlation between Body Mass Index and Gastrointestinal symptoms among Hospitalized Patients," Journal of Natural Sciences Research, vol. 4, pp. 134-143, 2014.
[31] B. Sharma, N. Sharma, V. Chauhan, S. Thakur, S. Kaushal, "Relationship of Smoking with H. pylori incidence in non-ulcer dyspepsia patients," JIACM, vol. 7, pp. 22-24, 2006.
[32] V. Rajashekhar, D. Bhasin, P. Ray, K. Vaiphei , BC. Sharma, K. Singh, "Helicobacter pylori infection in chronic smokers with non-ulcer dyspepsia," Trop. Gastroenterol, vol. 21, pp. 71-72, 2000.
[33] J. Kuepper-Nybelen , W. Thefeld , D. Rothenbacher , H. Brenner, "Patterns of alcohol consumption and Helicobacter pylori infection: results of a population-based study from Germany among 6545 adults," Aliment Pharmacol Ther, vol. 21, pp. 57-64, 2005.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2004.02276.x
[34] L. Zhang, GD. Eslick, HH. Xia, C. Wu, N. Phung, NJ. Talley, "Relationship between Alcohol Consumption and Active Helicobacter pylori Infection," Alcohol Alcohol, vol. 45, pp. 89-94, 2010.
https://doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agp068
[35] M. Bashdar, S. Saleem, F. Halgurd, H. Suha, "The Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori among University Students in Iraq," Indian Journal of Science & Technology, vol. 8, pp. 5020-5023, 2013.
[36] WM. Alazmi, I. Siddique, N. Alateeqi, B. Al-Nakib, "Prevalence of Helicobacterpylori infection among new outpatients with dyspepsia in Kuwait," BMC Gastroenterol, vol. 10, pp. 14 2010.
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-230X-10-14
[37] KL. Goh, "Prevalence of and risk factors for Helicobacter pylori infection in a multi-racial dyspeptic Malaysian population undergoing endoscopy," J Gastroenterol Hepatol, vol. 12, pp. S29-35, 1997.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1746.1997.tb00455.x
[38] U. Poddar, SK. Yachha, "Helicobacter pylori in children: an Indian perspective," Indian Pediatr, vol. 44, pp. 761-70, 2007.
[39] R. Jackman, C. Schlichting, W. Carr, A. Dubois, "Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in United States Navy submarine crews," Epidemiol Infect, vol. 134, pp. 460-464, 2006.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950268805005169
[40] R. Niknam, M. Seddigh, M. Reza ,A. Dehghanian and L. Mahmoudi, "Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in Patients with Dyspepsia," Jundishapur J Microbiol, vol. 7, pp. e12676, 2014.
https://doi.org/10.5812/jjm.12676
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How to Cite
[1]
M. O. Mohammed, H. H. Bayz, and F. B. Maarouf, “Clinical, Endoscopic and Urea Breath Test Among Dyspeptic Patients Referred to Kurdistan Center for Gastroenterology and Hepatology in Sulaimani”, KJAR, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 89–95, Jul. 2017, doi: 10.24017/science.2017.2.12.
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30-07-2017
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