Prevalence and severity of anemia among pregnant women in primary health centers/Erbil City
https://doi.org/10.24017/science.2017.2.7
Abstract views: 1875 / PDF downloads: 1314Abstract
Anemia in pregnancy is a major public health problem, especially in developing countries. Nutritional anemia is the most common type of anemia worldwide and mainly includes iron, folic acid, vitamin B12 and vitamin C deficiencies. Iron deficiency contributes to half of the burden of anemia globally. The objectives of this study were to find out the prevalence and severity of anemia among pregnant women. A descriptive study was conducted on 600 pregnant women, during the period October 2015 to November 2016 at four primary health care centers in Erbil city. Data gathered through interview with study sample and filling questionnaire format and reviewing their antenatal records. Blood hemoglobin level was measured to assess the severity of anemia. Chi-square test and regression were used to analyze the data. Prevalence of anemia was 46.2%, and 67.1% of the anemic women had mild anemia. There was a significant association of severity of anemia with wife education and occupation, smoking, the number of abortions and cesarean section, ante partum hemorrhage, taking tablets of iron and folic acid per month. The study concluded that prevalence of anemia considered high in Erbil city, the highest percentage had mild anemia.
Keywords:
Prevalence, anemia, pregnancy
References
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https://doi.org/10.4236/jbm.2015.33002
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https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cmr.20150403.14
[20] R. Viveki, A. Halappanavar, P. Viveki, S. Halkis, V. Maled and P. Deshpande, "Prevalence of Anaemia and Its Epidemiological Determinants in Pregnant Women," Al Ameen J Med S c I, 5 (3):2 1 6 -2 2 3, 2012.
[21] M. Abdelhafez and S. El-Soadaa, "Prevalence and Risk Factors of Anemia among a Sample of Pregnant Females Attending Primary Health Care Centers in Makkah," Saudi Arabia.Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 11 (12): 1113-1120, 2012.
https://doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2012.1113.1120
[22] A. Abu-Hasira, Iron Deficiency Anemia among Pregnant Women in Nablus District; Prevalence, Knowledge, Attitude and Practices. A thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Public Health Science, Faculty of Graduate Studies, at An- Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine 2007.
[23] A. Bekele, M. Tilahun and A. Mekuria, "Prevalence of Anemia and Its Associated Factors among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care in Health Institutions of Arba Minch Town, Gamo Gofa Zone, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study," Volume Article ID 1073192, 9 pages, Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1073192, 2016.
https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/1073192
https://doi.org/10.4314/ejhs.v25i2.8
[2] C. Dim, and H. Onah, "The Prevalence of Anemia Among Pregnant Women at Booking in Enugu, South Eastern Nigeria," MedGenMed. 9(3): 11. PMCID: PMC2100084, 2007.
[3] World Health Organization (WHO), "Nutrition of women in the preconception period during pregnancy and the breastfeeding period," Provisional agenda item 13.3, A65/12. 16 March 2012.
[4] E. Nkwabong, and J. Kasia, "Should We Revisit The Current Definition Of Anemia In Pregnancy," Journal of Pregnancy and Child Health. Available from:http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2376-127X.1000e111, 2015. [5] K. Alene, and A. Dohe, "Prevalence of Anemia and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women in an Urban Area of Eastern Ethiopia," Article ID 561567, 7pages. Available from: http://dx.doi.orjrfjeliulwiuuidn. 25 August 2014.
[6] M. Yesuf, and M. Wassie, "Prevalence and associated factors of anemia among pregnant women of Mekelle town: a cross sectional study," BMC Research Notes 7:888, 2014.
https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-7-888
[7] K. Kalaivani, "Prevalence & consequences of anemia in pregnancy," Indian J Med Res 130, pp 627-633, November 2009.
[8] F. Lone, R. Qureshi and F. Emanuel, "Maternal anaemia and its impact on perinatal outcome," Tropical Medicine and International Health, volume 9 no 4 pp 486-490, April 2004.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3156.2004.01222.x
[9] B. Benoist, E. Mclean, I. Egli, and M. Cogswell, "Worldwide prevalence of anemia," WHO global database on anemia, 1993-2005. [10] F. Kefiyalew, E. Zewene, Y. Asres and L. Gedefaw, "Anemia among pregnant women inSoutheast Ethiopia: prevalence, severity and associated risk Factors," BMC Research Notes 7:771 [Available from: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1756-0500/7/771], 2014.
[11] H. Naz, and B. Begum, "Prevalence and associated risk factors of anemia in pregnant women in a teaching hospital, Korangi industrial area," Pak J Surg, 29(2):131-133, 2013.
[12] F. Mirzaie, N. Eftekhari, S. Goldozeian, and J. Mahdavini, "Prevalence of anemia risk factors in pregnant women in Kerman," Iran Iranian Journal of Reproductive Medicine, Vol.8. No.2. pp: 66-69, Spring, 2010. [13] R. Aikawa, N. Khan, S. Sasaki, and C. Binns, "Risk factors for iron-deficiency anemia among pregnant women living in rural Vietnam," Public Health Nutrition: 9(4), 443-448, 18 July 2005.
https://doi.org/10.1079/PHN2005851
[14] M. Khapre, R. Meshram and A. Mudey, "Study on multiple causal factors associated with varying degree of anemia among rural pregnant women," International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health | Vol 2 | 266-270, 2013.
https://doi.org/10.5455/ijmsph.2013.2.266-270
[15] M. Siteti1, S. Namasaka, O. Ariya, S. Injete and W. Wanyonyi, "Anaemia in pregnancy: Prevalence and possible risk factors in Kakamega County, Kenya," Science Journal of Public Health, Published available from: (http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/j/sjph), 23. May 20, 2014.
[16] N. Morsy and S. Alhady, "Nutritional Status and Socio-Economic Conditions Influencing Prevalence Of Anaemia In Pregnant Women," International journal of scientific & technology research volume 3, issue 7, july, 2014.
[17] J. Rajamouli, A. Ravinder, S. Reddy and S. Pambi, "Study on Prevalence of Anemia among Pregnant Women attending Antenatal Clinic at Rural Health Training Centre (RHTC) and Chalmeda Anand Rao Institute of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Karimnagar, Telangana, India," International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research. Volume 3 | Issue 8 | August 2016.
[18] K. Soh., E. Tohit, S. Japar, S. Geok, N. Rahman and R. Raman, "Anemia among Antenatal Mother in Urban Malaysia," Journal of Biosciences and Medicines, 3, 6-11. Available from: http://www.scirp.org/journal/jbm 2015.
https://doi.org/10.4236/jbm.2015.33002
[19] D. Lelissa, M. Yilma, M. Shewalem, A. Abraha, M. Worku, H. Ambachew and M. Birhaneselassie, "Prevalence of Anemia Among Women Receiving Antenatal Care at Boditii Health Center, Southern Ethiopia," Clinical Medicine Research, Volume 4, Issue 3, 79-86, .May 2015.
https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cmr.20150403.14
[20] R. Viveki, A. Halappanavar, P. Viveki, S. Halkis, V. Maled and P. Deshpande, "Prevalence of Anaemia and Its Epidemiological Determinants in Pregnant Women," Al Ameen J Med S c I, 5 (3):2 1 6 -2 2 3, 2012.
[21] M. Abdelhafez and S. El-Soadaa, "Prevalence and Risk Factors of Anemia among a Sample of Pregnant Females Attending Primary Health Care Centers in Makkah," Saudi Arabia.Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 11 (12): 1113-1120, 2012.
https://doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2012.1113.1120
[22] A. Abu-Hasira, Iron Deficiency Anemia among Pregnant Women in Nablus District; Prevalence, Knowledge, Attitude and Practices. A thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Public Health Science, Faculty of Graduate Studies, at An- Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine 2007.
[23] A. Bekele, M. Tilahun and A. Mekuria, "Prevalence of Anemia and Its Associated Factors among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care in Health Institutions of Arba Minch Town, Gamo Gofa Zone, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study," Volume Article ID 1073192, 9 pages, Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1073192, 2016.
https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/1073192
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How to Cite
[1]
R. G. Abdulwahid and H. M. Ahmed, “Prevalence and severity of anemia among pregnant women in primary health centers/Erbil City”, KJAR, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 52–57, Jul. 2017, doi: 10.24017/science.2017.2.7.
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Published
30-07-2017
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Pure and Applied Science
