Prevalence and molecular characterization of Beta-lactamase resistance gene in multidrug resistance bacteria, Proteus spp.
https://doi.org/10.24017/science.2019.ICHMS.2
Abstract views: 1834 / PDF downloads: 1050Abstract
Existing of drug resistance bacteria in meat is a series of health concern and beta-lactamase is responsible to generate multi drug resistances in bacteria. Meat is a source of delivering food born pathogen bacteria including Proteus species. Recently Proteus bacteria developed drug resistance against many antimicrobial drugs and it causes difficulty in patient’s treatment. Hence its important to indicate the rate of Proteus species, P. mirabilis and P. Vulgaris, in the meat of different animals and to find the prevalence of b-lactamase resistance genes (blaTEM-1, blaCMY, blaCMY2, blaShv, blaOXA, and blaCTX) in Proteus species. Molecular identification of Proteus bacteria was confirmed by PCR amplification of part of 16S rRNA using Proteus specific set of primers. 70 meat samples (cattle, sheep, chicken, turkey, goat, and fish) were collected in local meat shops in the center of Sulaimani city. 29 (41.4%) samples were positive to Proteus species and 22 (75.87%) isolates were P. mirabilis and seven (24.13%) were P. vulgaris based on conventional biochemical tests. The drug sensitivity test was performed for all isolates using a disk diffusion assay (Kirby Bauer test). The multidrug resistance was found in all isolates and the most common drug resistance phenotype were against tetracycline, rifampin, and doxycycline, while the imepenem, tobramycin, and meropenem remain more effective against the bacteria. Resistance genes, blaTEM-1, and blaShv were found in five isolates (17.2%) of Proteus. Three isolates (10.3%) were positive to blaTEM-1 resistance gene and two isolates (6.8%) were positive to blaShv. All resistance genes recorded in this study were recovered in P. mirabilis and none of them was reported in p. vulgaris. None of the isolates was positive to beta-lactamase genes, blaCMY, blaCMY2, blaOXA, and blaCTX.
Keywords:
Meat born pathogen, Proteus spp., Antibiotic sensitivity test, Resistance genes,
References
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https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01054-07
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https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2009.01291.x
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https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.14.4.933-951.2001
[20] PD. Warriss, "Meat Science: An Introductory Text," CAB-International Wallingford, England,pp: 1-297, 2000.
https://doi.org/10.1079/9780851994246.0001
[21] F. Adzitey, and N. Huda, "Effects of post-slaughter carcass handling on meat quality," Pak. Vet. J., 32: 161-164, 2012.
[22] F. Adzitey, "MiniReview: Effect of pre-slaughter animal handling on carcass and meat Quality," Int. Food Res. J., 18: 485-491, 2011.
[23] F. Adzitey, and H. Nurul, "Pale Soft Exudative (PSE) and Dark Firm Dry (DFD) meats:Causes and measures to reduce these incidences-a mini review,"Int. Food Res. J., 18: 11-20, 2011.
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[25] A. Ebringer, T Rashid, "Rheumatoid arthritis is caused by a Proteus urinary tract infection," APMIS 122: 363-368, 2014.
https://doi.org/10.1111/apm.12154
[26] CE. Armbruster, SN. Smith, A Yep, HL. Mobley, "Increased Incidence of Urolithiasis Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research | 3rd International Conference on Health & Medical Sciences: Insight into Advanced Medical Research (ICHMS 2019) | 28 and Bacteremia During Proteus mirabilis and Providencia stuartii Coinfection Due to Synergistic Induction of Urease Activity," The J. of infectious diseases 209: 1524-1532, 2014.
https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jit663
[27] SM. Jacobsen, DJ. Stickler, HL. Mobley, ME. Shirtliff, "Complicated catheter associated urinary tract infections due to Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis," Clinical microbiology reviews 21: 26-59, 2008.
https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00019-07
[28] SD. Park, Y. Uh, G. Lee, K. Lim, JB. Kim, et al., "Prevalence and resistance patterns of extended-spectrum and AmpC beta-lactamase in Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, and Salmonella serovar Stanley in a Korean tertiary hospital," APMIS 118: 801-808, 2010.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0463.2010.02663.x
[29] M. Tonkic, B. Mohar, K. Sisko-Kraljevic, K. Mesko-Meglic, I. Goic-Barisic, et al.,"High prevalence and molecular characterization of extended-spectrum beta- lactamase-producing Proteus mirabilis strains in southern Croatia," Journal of medical microbiology 59: 1185-1190, 2010.
https://doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.016964-0
[30] LM. Aragon, B. Mirelis, E. Miro, C. Mata, L. Gomez, A. Rivera, P. Coll, F. Navarro,"Increase in beta-lactam-resistant Proteus mirabilis strains due to CTX-M- and CMY- type as well as new VEB- and inhibitor- resistant TEM-type beta-lactamases," The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 61: 1029-1032, 2008.
https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkn056
[31] SH. Kim, CI. Wei, H. An, "Molecular characterization of multidrug-resistant Proteus mirabilis isolates from retail meat products," J. of food protection 68: 1408-1413, 2005.
https://doi.org/10.4315/0362-028X-68.7.1408
[32] N. Arifatun, S. Mashuk, N. Shamsun, SA. Kazi, A. Sk Imran, and I. Salequl, "Multidrug Resistant-Proteus Mirabilis Isolated from Chicken Droppings in Commercial Poultry Farms: Bio-security Concern and Emerging Public Health Threat in Bangladesh," J Biosafety Health Educ 2:120, 2014.
[33] Magalhaes VD, Schuman W, Castilho BA. (1998). A new tetracycline resistance determinant cloned from Proteus mirabilis. Biochim Biophys Acta 1443: 262-266,1998.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-4781(98)00210-3
[34] M. Sunde, "Prevalence and characterization of class 1 and class 2 integrons in Escherichia coli isolated from meat and meat products of Norwegian origin," J Antimicrob Chemother 56:1019-24, 2005.
https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dki377
[35] JJ. Yan, CY. Hong, WC. Ko, YJ. Chen, SH. Tsai, CL. Chuang, JJ. Wu, "Dissemination of blaCMY-2 among Escherichia coli isolates from food animals, retail ground meats, and humans in southern Taiwan," Antimicrob Agents Chemother 48:1353-6, 2004.
https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.48.4.1353-1356.2004
[36] MH. Wong, HY Wan, S. Chen S, "Characterization of multidrug-resistant Proteus mirabilis isolated from chicken carcasses," Foodborne pathogens and disease 10: 177-181, 2013.
https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2012.1303
[37] S. Hiva, AN. Neda, GT. Arash, B. Zohre, A. Alireza, and Y. Rouzbeh, "Prevalence of AmpC _-lactamase in Clinical Isolates of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., and Proteus mirabilis in a Tertiary Hospital in Tehran, Iran," Jundishapur J Microbiol:9(12):e39121, 2016.
https://doi.org/10.5812/jjm.39121
[38] PE. Coudron, ES. Moland, KS. Thomson, "Occurrence and detection of AmpC beta- lactamases among Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis isolates at a veterans medical center," J. Clin. Microbiol., 38(5): 1791 1796, 2000.
https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.38.5.1791-1796.2000
[39] M. Helmy, and R. Wasfi, "Phenotypic and molecular characterization of plasmid mediated AmpC ??-lactamases among Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., and Proteus mirabilis isolated from urinary tract infections in Egyptian hospitals," BioMed. Res. Int., 171548, 2014.
https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/171548
[40] A. Potron, L. Poirel, K. Elhag, F. Al Yaqoubi, P. Nordmann, "VEB-6 extended- spectrum - lactamase-producing Proteus mirabilis from Sultanate of Oman. Int," J. Antimicrob. Agents 34:493-494, 2009.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2009.05.002
[41] TS. Barrak, KA. Yasamin, and MA. Muhannad, "Molecular and bacteriologic Study of ?-lactam Resistance Proteus mirabilis associated with Urinary Tract Infection in Holy Karbala province, Iraq," J. Pharm. Sci. and Res. Vol. 10(3), 2018, 549-555, 2018.
[2] FM. Aarestrup, "Veterinary drug usage and antimicrobial resistance in bacteria of animal origin," Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 96:271- 81, 2005.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-7843.2005.pto960401.x
[3] MN. Swartz, "Human diseases caused by foodborne pathogens of animal origin," Clin Infect Dis 34(Suppl 3):S111-22.
https://doi.org/10.1086/340248
[4] EFSA, "The European Union summary report on trends and sources of zoonosis, zoonotic agents and food-borne outbreaks in 2013," EFSA J 2015; 13:3991, 2013.
https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3991
[5] EFSA-ECDC, "European food safety authority and European Centre for disease prevention and control," The European union summary report on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and food-borne outbreaks in 2015. EFSA J 2016;14, 2015.
https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2016.4634
[6] G. Col Naveen, AK. Sahni, Col S. Bhattacharya (Retd.), "Therapeutic challenges of ESBLS and AmpC beta-lactamase producers in a tertiary Care center," Med. J. Armed Forces India, 6(9): 4 10, 2013.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mjafi.2012.02.001
[7] A. Bauernfiend Y. Chong, and S. Schweighart, "Extended broad spectrum - lactamase in Klebsiella pneumonia incuding resistance to cephamycins," Infection 17:316- 321,1989.
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01650718
[8] SA. El-Hady, LA, Adel, "Occurrence and detection of AmpC b-lactamases among Enterobacteriaceae isolates from patients at Ain Shams University Hospital'" Egypt. J. Med. Hum. Genetics, 16: 239 244, 2015.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmhg.2015.03.001
[9] AR. Laghawe, NK. Jaitly, VR. Thombare, "Prevalence of AMPC Betalactamase in Gram- negative bacilli," JPBMS, 20 (07), 2012.
[10] GA. Jacoby, "AmpC -lactamses. Clin. Microbiol," Rev. 22:161-182,2009.
https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00036-08
[11] KH. Rand, B. Turner, H. Seifert, C. Hansen, JA. Johnson, A. Zimmer, "Clinical laboratory detection of AmpC beta-lactamase: does it affect patient outcome?," Am J Clin Pathol, vol. 135 (pg. 572-6), 2011.
https://doi.org/10.1309/AJCP7VD0NMAMQCWA
[12] Clinical and Laboratory Standards Inst.,"Performance standards for antimicrobial disk and dilution susceptibility tests for bacteria isolated from animals. Approved standard," 2nd ed. NCCLS document M31-A2. Wayne, Pa.: CLSI, 2002.
[13] FJ. P'erez-P'erez, and ND. Hanson, "Detection of plasmid mediated AmpC - lactamase genes in clinical isolates by using multiplex PCR,"Journal of Clinical Microbiology," vol. 40, pp. 2153-2162, 2002.
https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.40.6.2153-2162.2002
[14] N. Fam, D. Gamal , M et al. El Said, "Prevalence of plasmidmediated ampC genes in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae from Cairo, Egypt," British Microbiology Research Journal, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 525-537, 2013.
https://doi.org/10.9734/BMRJ/2013/4653
[15] AM. Ahmed, Y. Motoi, M. Sato, A. Maruyama, H. Watanabe, Y. Fukumoto, T. Shimamoto, "Zoo animals as a reservoir of gram-negative bacteria harboring integrons and antimicrobial resistance genes," Appl EnvironMicrobiol 73:6686-90, 2007.
https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01054-07
[16] E. Tajbakhsh, S. Tajbakhsh, F. Khamesipour, "Isolation and molecular detection of Gram negative bacteria causing urinary tract infection in patients referred to Shahrekord hospitals, Iran," Iranian Red Crescent Medical J. 17(5): e24779, 2015.
https://doi.org/10.5812/ircmj.17(5)2015.24779
[17] GI. Barrow, and RKA. Feltham, "Cowan and Steel's manual for the identification of medical bacteria," Cambridge University Press, 3rd ed, 2003.
[18] AM. Ahmed, H. Shimabukuro, T Shimamoto, "Isolation and molecular characterization of multidrug-resistant strains of Escherichia coli and Salmonella from retail chicken meat in Japan. J Food Sci 74: M405-M410, 2009b.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2009.01291.x
[19] PA. Bradford, "Extended-spectrum ?-lactamases in the 21st century: characterization, epidemiology, and detection of this important resistance threat," Clin Microbiol Rev 14:933-51, 2001.
https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.14.4.933-951.2001
[20] PD. Warriss, "Meat Science: An Introductory Text," CAB-International Wallingford, England,pp: 1-297, 2000.
https://doi.org/10.1079/9780851994246.0001
[21] F. Adzitey, and N. Huda, "Effects of post-slaughter carcass handling on meat quality," Pak. Vet. J., 32: 161-164, 2012.
[22] F. Adzitey, "MiniReview: Effect of pre-slaughter animal handling on carcass and meat Quality," Int. Food Res. J., 18: 485-491, 2011.
[23] F. Adzitey, and H. Nurul, "Pale Soft Exudative (PSE) and Dark Firm Dry (DFD) meats:Causes and measures to reduce these incidences-a mini review,"Int. Food Res. J., 18: 11-20, 2011.
[24] RK. Pundir and P. Jain, "Evaluation of five chemical food preservatives for their antibacterial activity against bacterial isolates from bakery products and mango pickles," J. Chem. Pharm. Res. 3(1): 24-31, 2011.
[25] A. Ebringer, T Rashid, "Rheumatoid arthritis is caused by a Proteus urinary tract infection," APMIS 122: 363-368, 2014.
https://doi.org/10.1111/apm.12154
[26] CE. Armbruster, SN. Smith, A Yep, HL. Mobley, "Increased Incidence of Urolithiasis Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research | 3rd International Conference on Health & Medical Sciences: Insight into Advanced Medical Research (ICHMS 2019) | 28 and Bacteremia During Proteus mirabilis and Providencia stuartii Coinfection Due to Synergistic Induction of Urease Activity," The J. of infectious diseases 209: 1524-1532, 2014.
https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jit663
[27] SM. Jacobsen, DJ. Stickler, HL. Mobley, ME. Shirtliff, "Complicated catheter associated urinary tract infections due to Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis," Clinical microbiology reviews 21: 26-59, 2008.
https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00019-07
[28] SD. Park, Y. Uh, G. Lee, K. Lim, JB. Kim, et al., "Prevalence and resistance patterns of extended-spectrum and AmpC beta-lactamase in Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, and Salmonella serovar Stanley in a Korean tertiary hospital," APMIS 118: 801-808, 2010.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0463.2010.02663.x
[29] M. Tonkic, B. Mohar, K. Sisko-Kraljevic, K. Mesko-Meglic, I. Goic-Barisic, et al.,"High prevalence and molecular characterization of extended-spectrum beta- lactamase-producing Proteus mirabilis strains in southern Croatia," Journal of medical microbiology 59: 1185-1190, 2010.
https://doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.016964-0
[30] LM. Aragon, B. Mirelis, E. Miro, C. Mata, L. Gomez, A. Rivera, P. Coll, F. Navarro,"Increase in beta-lactam-resistant Proteus mirabilis strains due to CTX-M- and CMY- type as well as new VEB- and inhibitor- resistant TEM-type beta-lactamases," The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 61: 1029-1032, 2008.
https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkn056
[31] SH. Kim, CI. Wei, H. An, "Molecular characterization of multidrug-resistant Proteus mirabilis isolates from retail meat products," J. of food protection 68: 1408-1413, 2005.
https://doi.org/10.4315/0362-028X-68.7.1408
[32] N. Arifatun, S. Mashuk, N. Shamsun, SA. Kazi, A. Sk Imran, and I. Salequl, "Multidrug Resistant-Proteus Mirabilis Isolated from Chicken Droppings in Commercial Poultry Farms: Bio-security Concern and Emerging Public Health Threat in Bangladesh," J Biosafety Health Educ 2:120, 2014.
[33] Magalhaes VD, Schuman W, Castilho BA. (1998). A new tetracycline resistance determinant cloned from Proteus mirabilis. Biochim Biophys Acta 1443: 262-266,1998.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-4781(98)00210-3
[34] M. Sunde, "Prevalence and characterization of class 1 and class 2 integrons in Escherichia coli isolated from meat and meat products of Norwegian origin," J Antimicrob Chemother 56:1019-24, 2005.
https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dki377
[35] JJ. Yan, CY. Hong, WC. Ko, YJ. Chen, SH. Tsai, CL. Chuang, JJ. Wu, "Dissemination of blaCMY-2 among Escherichia coli isolates from food animals, retail ground meats, and humans in southern Taiwan," Antimicrob Agents Chemother 48:1353-6, 2004.
https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.48.4.1353-1356.2004
[36] MH. Wong, HY Wan, S. Chen S, "Characterization of multidrug-resistant Proteus mirabilis isolated from chicken carcasses," Foodborne pathogens and disease 10: 177-181, 2013.
https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2012.1303
[37] S. Hiva, AN. Neda, GT. Arash, B. Zohre, A. Alireza, and Y. Rouzbeh, "Prevalence of AmpC _-lactamase in Clinical Isolates of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., and Proteus mirabilis in a Tertiary Hospital in Tehran, Iran," Jundishapur J Microbiol:9(12):e39121, 2016.
https://doi.org/10.5812/jjm.39121
[38] PE. Coudron, ES. Moland, KS. Thomson, "Occurrence and detection of AmpC beta- lactamases among Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis isolates at a veterans medical center," J. Clin. Microbiol., 38(5): 1791 1796, 2000.
https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.38.5.1791-1796.2000
[39] M. Helmy, and R. Wasfi, "Phenotypic and molecular characterization of plasmid mediated AmpC ??-lactamases among Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., and Proteus mirabilis isolated from urinary tract infections in Egyptian hospitals," BioMed. Res. Int., 171548, 2014.
https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/171548
[40] A. Potron, L. Poirel, K. Elhag, F. Al Yaqoubi, P. Nordmann, "VEB-6 extended- spectrum - lactamase-producing Proteus mirabilis from Sultanate of Oman. Int," J. Antimicrob. Agents 34:493-494, 2009.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2009.05.002
[41] TS. Barrak, KA. Yasamin, and MA. Muhannad, "Molecular and bacteriologic Study of ?-lactam Resistance Proteus mirabilis associated with Urinary Tract Infection in Holy Karbala province, Iraq," J. Pharm. Sci. and Res. Vol. 10(3), 2018, 549-555, 2018.
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S. S. Salih, S. J. Mohammed, I. M Noori, L. MA Mohammed, and T. A. Hama Soor, “Prevalence and molecular characterization of Beta-lactamase resistance gene in multidrug resistance bacteria, Proteus spp”., KJAR, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 20–28, Aug. 2019, doi: 10.24017/science.2019.ICHMS.2.
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21-08-2019
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