Control Rate of Diabetic and Hypertensive Adult Patients in Association with Demographic and Healthy Behaviour Factors in Garmian- Kurdistan Region

Muaf Abdulla Karim; Jamal Kareem Shakor; Bootan Hasan Ahmed; Dlzar Omer Qadir; Saleem Saaed Qader

doi:10.24017/science.2016.1.2.3

Authors

Muaf Abdulla Karim Ministry of Health, General Directorate of Health-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Jamal Kareem Shakor Department of Nursing- Darbandikhan Technical Institute, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq
Bootan Hasan Ahmed Assistant Lecturer, College of Nursing, Hawler Medical University
Dlzar Omer Qadir Assistant Lecturer, College of Nursing, Hawler Medical University
Saleem Saaed Qader Medical Research Centre, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq

Abstract

Hypertension and diabetes mellitus (DM) are the two major inter-correlated risk factors of cardiovascular diseases, which considered as the major causes of morbidity and mortality. This study is set up to determine control rate, and the social demographic and health related behaviours risk factors in association with control rate in hypertensive and/or diabetes patients who are under treatment. Cross sectional study was carried out in this study. Data have been collected by well-trained paramedics through direct interviews using structured questionnaire with the participants. A conventional sampling which is one of the main types of non-probability method was used for collecting data. SPSS version 16 was used for analysing data. 338 patients were recruited into the study, 150(44.1%) of participants with hypertension,88(25.9%) with diabetes and the rest 100(29.4%) with both diseases. Patients who diagnosed with hypertension weremore under control 83 (55.3%) in comparison with diabetic23(26.1%) and patients who were diagnosed both conditions 18(18.0%). High control rate was observed in hypertension patients compared to diabetes and those diagnosed both conditions. Cor morbidity was the main cause of uncontrolled rate.

Keywords:

Healthy behaviour, Diabetic patient, hypertensive patient, Demographic data.

References

1.Zadegan SN, Sadri G, Malek AH, Baghaei M, Mohammadi FN et al. (2003). Isfahan Healthy Heart Programme: a comprehensive integrated community-based programme for cardiovascular disease prevention and control. Design, methods and initial experience. Acta Cardiol. 58: 309-20.
https://doi.org/10.2143/AC.58.4.2005288
2.Stanciu I, Peralta MI, Emanuele MA, Emanuele NV (2002). Clinical trial evidence for cardiovascular risk reduction in type 2 diabetes. J Cardiovas Nurs. 16: 24-43.
https://doi.org/10.1097/00005082-200201000-00004
3.Gill GV, Woodward A, Pradhan S, et al. (2003). Intensified treatment of type 2 diabetes - positive effects on blood pressure, but not glycaemic control. QJM. 96: 833-6.
https://doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcg143
4.Roper NA, Bilous RW, Kelly WF, Unwin NC, Connolly VM (2001). Excess mortality in a population with diabetes and the impact of material deprivation: Longitudinal, population based study. BMJ. 322: 1389-93.
https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.322.7299.1389
5.Wang L, Wei T (2006). Blood pressure control in patients with hypertension: A community-based study. Clin Exp Hypertens. 28: 41-6.
https://doi.org/10.1080/10641960500386676
6.Alireza E, Alipasha M, Mehrshad A (2009). Third national surveillance of risk factors of non- communicable diseases (SuRFNCD-2007) in Iran: methods and results on prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, obesity, central obesity, and dyslipidemia, biomedical central, BMC public health. 9: 167.
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-9-167
7.Ericka MC, Carolina SU, Luis RB (2008). Factors associated with hypertension prevalence, unawareness and treatment among Costa Rican elderly. BMC Public Health. 8: 275.
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-8-275
8.Abdolmehdi B, Nizal S, Katayoun R, Mojgan G, Ali AT, et al (2010). How effective are strategies for non-communicable disease prevention and control in a high risk population in a developing country? Isfahan Healthy Heart Programme. Arch Med Sci. 6: 24-31.
https://doi.org/10.5114/aoms.2010.13503
9.Ahmad RH, Nicole B, Anton K, Sam H, Regina G, Dag R, et al (2012). Socioeconomic inequalities in risk factors for non-communicable diseases in low-income and middle-income countries: results from the World Health Survey. BMC Public Health. 12: 912.
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-12-912
10. Samim AA, Sirwan MA (2010). Compliance of Hypertensive Patients To Management In Duhok Governorate Using Morisky-Green Test. Duhok Medical Journal. 4: 33-37.
11. Fereidoun A, Arash G, Amir AM, Farzad H, Parvin M, et al. (2009). Prevention of non- communicable disease in a population innutrition transition: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study phase. BioMed Central. 25: 10-5.
https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6215-10-5
12. Abbas AM (2012). Prevalence and Control of Hypertension in Iraqi Diabetic Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study. Open Cardiovasc Med J. 6: 68-7.
https://doi.org/10.2174/1874192401206010068
13. Abbas AM, Narjis AA (2013). Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease among patients with type 2 diabetes in Basrah, World J Diabetes. 4: 82-87.
https://doi.org/10.4239/wjd.v4.i3.82
14. Musinguzi G, Nuwaha F (2013). Prevalence, Awareness and Control of Hypertension in Uganda. Plose one. 8: 4.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0062236
15. Upali WJ, Mark FH, Jane T (2013). Bettina C and Deborah AB. Gender differences in healthrelated quality of life of Australian chronically-ill adults: patient and physician characteristics do matter, Health and Quality of Life Outcomes. 11: 102.
https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7525-11-102
16. Kareem JS, Saaed SQ, Hasan BA, Abdulla MK (2015). Assessment of Health Related to Quality of Life in Hypertensive and Diabetic Mellitus patients in Kurdistan/Iraq. Kufa journal for nursing sciences. 3: 1-11.
17. Bramley TJ, Gerbino PP, Nightengale BS, Frech TF (2006). Relationship of blood pressure control to adherence with antihypertensive monotherapy in 13 managed care organizations. J Manag Care Pharm. 12: 239-45.
https://doi.org/10.18553/jmcp.2006.12.3.239
18. Emma LC, Margaret MC, Claire MB, Anthony PF, Ivan JP (2013). Unhealthy Days and Quality of Life in Irish Patients with Diabetes, PLoS One. 8: 1-12.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0081102
19. Carma A, Jing F, Luis E, Stephen P, Hector GB., et al (2012). Actions to Control High Blood Pressure Among Hypertensive Adults in Texas Counties Along the Mexico Border. Public Health Rep. 127: 173-85.
https://doi.org/10.1177/003335491212700206