Recognition of Health Care Provider's Patient Safety Culture in Kurdistan/Iraq

Ismail Ahmed Ali; Shewaz Abdalrahman Hussein; Shelan Omar Ali; Fuaad Azad Muhamad

doi:10.24017/science.2021.2.14

Authors

Ismail Ahmed Ali Shahid Dr. Aso Hospital/Sulaimani General Directorate of Health/Ministry of Health/Sulaimani, Iraq
Shewaz Abdalrahman Hussein College of Nursing University of Raparin Rania, Iraq
Shelan Omar Ali College of Nursing University of Raparin Rania, Iraq
Fuaad Azad Muhamad College of Nursing University of Raparin Rania, Iraq

Abstract

Globally, improving and promoting patient safety has been given a lot of attention in order to develop the standard of healthcare and conserve the clients from trauma. The study purposed to recognize the perception of the Health Care Provider (HCP) regarding patient safety culture. A quantitative design /descriptive method were carried out during the period from 12^th to 24^thJanuary 2019 at Rania teaching hospital. Data was collected through a hard copy self-managed survey form using the Hospital Survey of Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC).Data was entered to SPSS and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The final study sample included 130 cases (74.5% response rate). The total mean positive answer rate for the hospital survey dimensions was (42.28%) with arrange of (79% - 4.6%). Approximately 60% of HCP was perceived patient safety culture practice negatively. However, only two dimensions from 11 had reached positive response rate by respondents which include teamwork within Units (76.2%) and organizational learning (79%) dimensions, while the lowest dimension’s positivity include the frequency of reporting errors (4.6%). Furthermore, more than half (64.6%) of the study sample estimated the grade of patient safety as agreeable level, also only two of the respondents (1.5%) rated excellent grades for patient safety in their hospitals. Almost, three fourths (75.8%) of study sample were reported that no events had reports in the previous year. Statistically, the results of the study showed a significant association among {educational status (p=0.006), work areas (p=0.014), staff position (P=0.001), and mean score of HSOPSC. These findings demonstrated that attitudes and perception of HCP about patient safety culture is extremely low. Fundamentally, there is a necessity for systemic change at the level of health organization and continuous training course for HCP to improve patient safety culture are strongly recommended.

Keywords:

Patient Safety, Safety Culture, Health Care Provider, Kurdistan/ Iraq

References

[1] A. Rajalatchumi, T. S. Ravikumar, K. Muruganandham, M. Thulasingam, K. Selvaraj, M. M. Reddy, and J. Balachander "Perception of patient safety culture among health-care providers in a tertiary care hospital, South India," Journal of natural science, biology, medicine, vol. 9, no. 1, p. 14, 2018.
https://doi.org/10.4103/jnsbm.JNSBM_86_17
[2] WHO, "World alliance for patient safety: forward programme 2005," World Health Organization, 2004.
[3] L. Slawomirski, A. Auraaen, and N. S. Klazinga, "The economics of patient safety: Strengthening a valuebased approach to reducing patient harm at national level," 2017.
[4] Y. Nie, X. Mao, H. Cui, S. He, J. Li, and M. Zhang, "Hospital survey on patient safety culture in China," BMC health services research, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 1-11, 2013.
https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-13-228
[5] M. S. Donaldson, J. M. Corrigan, and L. T. Kohn, "To err is human: building a safer health system," 2000.
[6] M. D. Cooper, "Towards a model of safety culture," Safety science, vol. 36, no. 2, pp. 111-136, 2000.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-7535(00)00035-7
[7] L. Palacios-Derflingher, M. O'Beirne, P. Sterling, K. Zwicker, B. K. Harding, and A. Casebeer, "Dimensions of patient safety culture in family practice," Healthcare quarterly, vol. 13, pp. 121-127, 2010.
https://doi.org/10.12927/hcq.2010.21977
[8] Ç. Agnew, R. Flin, J. Jackson, and M. Raduma, "Human factors in patient safety: Review of topics and tools: Report to WHO, Geneva," 2009.
[9] A. Al-Nawafleh, M. A. Abu-Helalah, V. Hill, M. I. Masoud, H. A. Al-Mahasneh, and E. T. Al Salti, "Patient safety culture in Jordanian hospitals," Health Science Journal, vol. 10, no. 5, p. 1, 2016.
[10] Y. K. Alotaibi and F. Federico, "The impact of health information technology on patient safety," Saudi medical journal, vol. 38, no. 12, p. 1173, 2017.
https://doi.org/10.15537/smj.2017.12.20631
[11] J. Sorra, L. Gray, S. Streagle, T. Famolaro, N. Yount, and J. Behm, "AHRQ Hospital survey on patient safety culture: User's guide," Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research Quality, 2016.
[12] W. H. Organization, "Process of translation and adaptation of instruments. nd Retrieved March 4, 2015," ed, 2015.
[13] S. Bodur and E. Filiz, "Validity and reliability of Turkish version of" Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture" and perception of patient safety in public hospitals in Turkey," BMC health services research, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 1-9, 2010.
https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-10-28
[14] A. Aboul Fotouh, N. Ismail, H. Ez Elarab, and G. Wassif, "Assessment of patient safety culture among health-care providers at a teaching hospital in Cairo, Egypt," 2012.
https://doi.org/10.26719/2012.18.4.372
[15] I.-C. Chen and H.-H. Li, "Measuring patient safety culture in Taiwan using the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC)," BMC health services research, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 1-10, 2010.
https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-10-152
[16] H. Alahmadi, "Assessment of patient safety culture in Saudi Arabian hospitals," vol. 19, no. 5, pp. e17- e17, 2010.
https://doi.org/10.1136/qshc.2009.033258
[17] A. Al-Mandhari, I. Al-Zakwani, M. Al-Kindi, J. Tawilah, A. S. Dorvlo, and S. Al-Adawi, "Patient safety culture assessment in Oman," Oman medical journal, vol. 29, no. 4, p. 264, 2014.
https://doi.org/10.5001/omj.2014.70
[18] S. Azami-Aghdash, F. E. Azar, A. Rezapour, A. Azami, V. Rasi, and K. Klvany, "Patient safety culture in hospitals of Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis," Medical journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran, vol. 29, p. 251, 2015.
[19] M. A. Blegen, S. Gearhart, R. O'Brien, N. L. Sehgal, and B. K. Alldredge, "AHRQ's hospital survey on patient safety culture: psychometric analyses," vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 139-144, 2009.
https://doi.org/10.1097/PTS.0b013e3181b53f6e
[20] M. M. Ghobashi, H. A. G. El-Ragehy, H. M. Ibrahim, and F. A. Al-Doseri, "Assessment of patient safetyculture in primary health care settings in Kuwait," Public Health, vol. 11, no. 3, 2014.
[21] A. Q. Jabarkhil, S. S. Tabatabaee, J. Jamali, and J. Moghri, "Assessment of Patient Safety Culture Among Doctors, Nurses, and Midwives in a Public Hospital in Afghanistan," Risk Management Healthcare Policy, vol. 14, p. 1211, 2021.
https://doi.org/10.2147/RMHP.S292193
[22] J. Hellings, W. Schrooten, N. Klazinga, and A. Vleugels, "Challenging patient safety culture: survey results," International journal of health care quality assurance, 2007.
https://doi.org/10.1108/09526860710822752
[23] Z. R. Wolf and R. G. Hughes, "Error reporting and disclosure," Patient safety quality: An evidence-based handbook for nurses, 2008.
[24] S. J. Singer, D. Gaba, J. Geppert, A. Sinaiko, S. Howard, and K. Park, "The culture of safety: results of an organization-wide survey in 15 California hospitals," BMJ Quality Safety science, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 112- 118, 2003.
https://doi.org/10.1136/qhc.12.2.112
[25] A. Çak?r and Ö. Tütüncü, "?zmir ili hastanelerinde hasta güvenli?i alg?s?," Uluslararas? Sa?l?kta Performans ve Kalite Kongresi, Antalya, TC Sa?l?k Bakanl??? Performans Yönetimi ve Kalite Geli?tirme Daire Ba?kanl???, Ankara, vol. 189, 2009.
[26] J. Kim, K. An, M. K. Kim, and S. H. Yoon, "Nurses' perception of error reporting and patient safety culture in Korea," Western journal of nursing research, vol. 29, no. 7, pp. 827-844, 2007.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0193945906297370
[27] M. Danielsson, P. Nilsen, H. Rutberg, and K. Årestedt, "A national study of patient safety culture in hospitals in Sweden," Journal of patient safety, vol. 15, no. 4, p. 328, 2019.
https://doi.org/10.1097/PTS.0000000000000369
[28] F. El-Jardali, H. Dimassi, D. Jamal, M. Jaafar, and N. Hemadeh, "Predictors and outcomes of patient safety culture in hospitals," BMC health services research, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 1-12, 2011.
https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-11-45
[29] S. A. Park, S. J. Lee, and G. U. Choi, "Survey of factors associated with nurses' perception of patient safety," Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, vol. 12, no. 8, pp. 2129-2132, 2011.
[30] A. A. Ammouri, A. K. Tailakh, J. K. Muliira, R. Geethakrishnan, and S. Al Kindi, "Patient safety culture among nurses," International nursing review, vol. 62, no. 1, pp. 102-110, 2015.
https://doi.org/10.1111/inr.12159
[31] Ü. Y. Güne?, Ö. Gürlek, and M. Sönmez, "A survey of the patient safety culture of hospital nurses in Turkey," Collegian, vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 225-232, 2016.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colegn.2015.02.005